Incidence of Tuberculosis as a Opportunistic Infection in Patients with HIV Getting Combined Anti Retroviral Therapy
Abstract
Introduction: The risk of active Tuberculosis increases
after HIV seroconversion. It progressively increases
with declining immunity. Tuberculosis (TB) epidemics
in HIV has led to a dramatic upsurge in global TB
incidence, resulting in remarkable increase in morbidity
and mortality. Many clinical studies had shown that TB
is one of the commonest opportunistic infection. This
study is conducted to see the incidence of tuberculosis
as an opportunistic infection in patients with HIV
getting combined antiretroviral therapy (cART)
Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based cross-
sectional comparative study. Five hundred patients with
HIV who are getting cART were enrolled in the study.
Results: Analysis of individuals with HIV in our
study amongst the 500 patients 266 (53.2%) were
males and the remaining 234 (46.68%) were females.
Amongst these HIV patients 48(18.04%) males
and 17(7.26%) females had tuberculosis. 65(13%)
of patients were TB/HIV co-infected. 2(4.1%) of
these male TB/HIV patients had cervical gland TB.
Conclusion: The incidence of tuberculosis
in HIV infected individuals is high. TB is
the commonest opportunistic infection (OIs)
in people living with HIV/AIDS. Males are
predominant gender to have TB/HIV co-infection.